The drugs are nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors that also include nucleotide agents, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, viral maturation inhibitors (protease inhibitors), viral entry inhibitors including fusion inhibitors and co-receptor antagonists, and integration inhibitors. The approved antiretroviral arsenal includes about thirty drugs falling in five main classes which control the levels of HIV-1 by targeting different steps of the viral life cycle. In the absence of such a vaccine, the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) can be an option for pre-exposure prophylaxis in preventing HIV infection in HIV-negative individuals. Novel HIV vaccine candidates that are being developed, have shown to elicit strong protective antibody responses across the spectrum of HIV-1 strains.
However, recent studies have shown that a vaccine can reduce the risk of HIV infection, and other novel vaccine strategies include broadly neutralizing antibodies that target a wide range of HIV strains. Thus far, there are no vaccines available for HIV. ART can play an important role in preventing HIV transmission and post-exposure prophylaxis. The treatment of HIV infected people is based on antiretroviral therapy (ART), also known as highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), which combines three or more drugs that suppress HIV replication. In 2014 alone, AIDS caused about 1.2 million deaths worldwide. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is the etiological agent of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), a global pandemic disease which has claimed the lives of more than 34 million people so far.
0 kommentar(er)
